A running series turns each race into points, and the season standings add them up. A common scheme gives the winner 100 points and one fewer for each place behind, so a field of any size can be scored. Age-graded series instead score each finish against the standard for the runner’s age and sex, which lets a 60-year-old and a 25-year-old compete on the same table.
Most series count only a runner’s best few races — four out of six, say. Without that rule, the standings reward attendance as much as speed.
Cross-country team scoring works the other way round: add up the places of a team’s first five finishers, and the lowest total wins. The sixth and seventh runners do not score but still take places, pushing other teams’ runners down, and the sixth runner’s place is the usual tiebreaker.